Ideologi Politik dalam Khazanah Penafsiran: Ayat-ayat Legitimatif al-Qur’ān pada Kasus Suksesi Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq
Abstract
Abstract: The study focuses on the discussion of a political polemic which has led to theological disputes and has subsequently created various types of interpretations of the Qur’ān. In this context, the author limits the discussion into three main treasures, namely Sunnī, Shī‘ah, and Mu‘tazilah. The polemic commenced due the succession process of Abu Bakr’s caliphate. It has been known that the Sunnī group claimed Abu Bakr as the successor of the Prophet Muhammad, while the Shī‘ah people demanded ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib as the one who possesses right to be the successor of the Prophet. Different political affiliation has consequently led to different interpretations of the Holy texts produced by these different groups. It is, therefore, interesting to observe how the similar Qur’anic verses are interpreted differently. Comparing inter-stream interpretations of the Qur’ān will show us the difference and contestation of meaning among them. This article will demonstrate how an interpreter of al-Qur’ān has been always influenced by the context of his/her historical background and expertise, including the political ideology he or she affiliated to.
References
Black, Antony. Pemikiran Politik Islam dari Masa Nabi hingga Kini, terj. Abdullah Ali dan Mariana Ariestiawati. Jakarta: PT Serambi Ilmu Semesta, 2006.
Dedi, Sugono dkk. Kamus Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, 2008.
Dimashqī (al), Ismā‘īl b. ‘Umar b. Kathīr. Tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-‘Aẓīm, Vol. 6. t.t.: Dār Ṭaybah, 1999.
Faudah, Mahmud Basuni. Tafsir-Tafsir al-Qur’an: Perkenalan dengan Metodologi Tafsir, terj. M. Mochtar Zoerni dan Abdul Qodir Hamid. Bandung: Pustaka, 1987.
Goldziher, Ignaz. Mazhab Tafsir, terj. M. Alaika Salamullah. Yogyakarta: eLSaQ Press, 2003.
Nasution, Harun. Islam Ditinjau dari Berbagai Aspeknya, Vol. 1. Jakarta: UI Press, 2015.
-----. Teologi Islam: Aliran-aliran Sejarah Analisa Perbandingan. Jakarta: UI-Press, 2015.
Nurhakim, Moh. Islam Responsif: Agama di Tengah Pergulatan Ideologi Politik dan Budaya Lokal. Malang: UMM Press, 2005.
Qummī (al), Abū Ḥasan ‘Alī b. Ibrāhīm. Tafsīr al-Qummī, Vol. 1. Qum: Dār al-Kitāb, 1781.
Rahmat, Jalaluddin. Islam Alternatif: Ceramah-ceramah di Kampus. Bandung: Mizan, 1995.
Rahtikawati, Yayan dan Rusmana, Dadan. Metodologi Tafsir al-Qur’an: Strukturalisme, Semantik, Semiotik, dan Hermeneutika. Bandung: CV Pustaka Setia, 2013.
Rāzī (al), Fakhr al-Dīn. Tafsīr Mafātiḥ al-Ghayb, Vol. 12. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1981.
Salamī (al), Muhammad b. Mas‘ūd b. ‘Ayyāshī. Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī, Vol. 1. Beirut: Muassasat al-‘Alamī, 1991.
Shadik, Faishal. “Khawārij: pergolakan politik dan perkembangan agama”, dalam Akhmad Satori dan Sulaiman Kurdi (eds.), Sketsa Pemikiran Politik Islam. Yogyakarta: Politeia Press, 2007.
Shahrastānī (al), Muḥammad b. ‘Abd al-Karīm. al-Milal wa al-Niḥal, Vol. 1. Beirut: Dār al-Ma‘rifah, 1404 H.
Suyūṭī (al), Jalāl al-Dīn. Tarīkh al-Khulafā. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmīyah, 2012.
Syadzali, Munawir. Islam dan Tata Negara: Ajaran, Sejarah, dan Pemikiran. Jakarta: UI Press, 2011.
Syamsuddin, Sahiron. Hermeneutika dan Pengembangan Ulumul Qur’an. Yogyakarta: Pesantren Nawasea Press, 2009.
Ṭabarī (al), Abū Ja‘far Muḥammad b. Jarīr. Tafsīr al-Ṭabarī, terj. Akhmad ‘Affāndi dan Benny Sarbeni, Vol. 9. Jakarta: Pustaka Azzam, 2008.
Ṭabrasī (al), Abī ‘Alī al-Fadl b. al-Ḥasan. Majmā‘ al-Bayān, Vol. 3. Beirut: Dār al-‘Ulūm, 2005.
Zamakhsharī (al), ‘Abd al-Qāsim Maḥmūd b. Muḥammad b. ‘Umar. Tafsīr al-Kashshāf, Vol. 1. Beirut: Dār al-Ma‘rifah, 2009.
Zamzami, Mukhammad. “Pemikiran Jamal al-Banna tentang Relasi Agama dan Negara”. Tesis--Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, 2008.
-----. “Islam sebagai Agama dan Umat: Analisa Pemikiran Kenegaraan Jamâl al-Bannâ”, Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam, Vol. 1, No. 1. 2011.
Copyright (c) 2019 Baihaki Baihaki
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Read more: License and Copyright